Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas dos médicos pediatras quanto ao desenvolvimento da comunicação oral / Knowledge, attitudes and practices of pediatricians regarding the development of oral communication

OBJETIVO: investigar os conhecimentos e as atitudes práticas de pediatras em relação à comunicação oral de crianças. MÉTODOS: foram entrevistados 79 pediatras por meio de questionário específico. O conteúdo do questionário buscava informações sobre o profissional, conhecimento das etapas do desenvolvimento da comunicação infantil, sua conduta frente a alguma queixa de suspeita de alterações da comunicação, encaminhamentos profissionais e o método utilizado como avaliação destas crianças. Os questionários foram entregues pessoalmente e respondidos manualmente pelos médicos. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos pediatras entrevistados tem conhecimento, embora básico, das alterações da comunicação infantil e o desenvolvimento da linguagem. Porém, muitos pediatras desconhecem a real atuação do fonoaudiólogo. Além disso, embora haja uma preocupação com a idade da criança falar corretamente, os médicos não realizam o encaminhamento no período adequado. CONCLUSÃO: este estudo mostra a importância da divulgação do trabalho fonoaudiológico em outros meios que não os restritos a ambientes acadêmico, científico ou clínico apenas frequentado por fonoaudiólogos, mas também por profissionais da área médica.

PURPOSE: to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pediatricians regarding the development of oral communication in children. METHODS: a total of 79 pediatricians answered a specific questionnaire. This questionnaire searched information about the professional, professional knowledge of the stages of the children communication development, the behavior before some complaint of communication disorders, referring and method used for evaluating these children. The questionnaires were delivered personally and answered manually by the doctors. RESULTS: most interviewed pediatricians have knowledge, though basic, on some language disorders. However, many pediatricians are not aware on the role played by speech pathologists. Moreover, even though there is concern on the correct speech of children, pediatricians do not refer them at adequate time. CONCLUSION: this study shows the importance to publish the role of speech pathologists not only in academic, scientific or clinical environments attended by speech pathologists, but also in the working places of medical professionals.

[The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome: a cause of neurosensory dysacusia]. / Síndrome do aqueduto vestibular alargado: uma causa de disacusia neurossensorial.

BACKGROUND: the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) is characterized by the enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct associated with sensorioneural hearing loss. The level of hearing loss varies and may be fluctuant, progressive or sudden. Vestibular symptoms may be present. The diagnosis is reached by imaging methods. AIM: To report an LVAS case. METHOD: a female infant was submitted to a computerized tomography of the ears and to audiologic tests. RESULTS: enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct of more than 1.5mm and sensorioneural hearing loss in the right ear were observed. CONCLUSION: with an early hearing evaluation it is possible to diagnose hearing loss, even in children were this loss is unilateral. Although the literature indicates that the diagnosis of LVAS occurs at a later age, in this case the etiologic diagnosis was enabled by computerized tomography.

Síndrome do aqueduto vestibular alargado: uma causa de disacusia neurossensorial / The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome: a cause of neurosensory dysacusia

TEMA: a síndrome do aqueduto vestibular alargado (SAVA) é caracterizada pelo alargamento do aqueduto vestibular associada a disacusia. O grau da perda auditiva é variável, podendo ser flutuante, progressiva ou súbita. Sintomas vestibulares podem estar presentes. O diagnóstico é realizado por exames de imagem. OBJETIVO: relatar um caso de SAVA. MÉTODO: lactente, gênero feminino, realizou tomografia computadorizada de ouvidos e exames de audição. RESULTADO: constatou-se alargamento do aqueduto vestibular maior que 1,5mm de diâmetro e perda auditiva neurossensorial à direita. CONCLUSÃO: com a avaliação auditiva precoce é possível o diagnóstico da disacusia, mesmo em crianças com disacusias unilaterais. Embora a literatura consultada mostre que o diagnóstico da SAVA ocorra tardiamente, no presente caso, o diagnóstico etiológico foi possibilitado pela tomografia computadorizada.

BACKGROUND: the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) is characterized by the enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct associated with sensorioneural hearing loss. The level of hearing loss varies and may be fluctuant, progressive or sudden. Vestibular symptoms may be present. The diagnosis is reached by imaging methods. AIM: To report an LVAS case. METHOD: a female infant was submitted to a computerized tomography of the ears and to audiologic tests. RESULTS: enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct of more than 1.5mm and sensorioneural hearing loss in the right ear were observed. CONCLUSION: with an early hearing evaluation it is possible to diagnose hearing loss, even in children were this loss is unilateral. Although the literature indicates that the diagnosis of LVAS occurs at a later age, in this case the etiologic diagnosis was enabled by computerized tomography.

[Electrophysiological study of the central and peripheral hearing system of aphasic individuals]. / Estudo eletrofisiológico do sistema auditivo periférico e central em indivíduos afásicos.

SUBJECT: Electrophysiology of the auditory system. OBJECTIVE: Electrophysiological evaluation of the peripheral and central auditory system of brain injured patients. METHOD: Experimental group: eleven brain injured and aphasic subjects, both genders and with ages ranging from 43 to 75; control group: eleven individuals without hearing complaints, equalized as to gender and age. The subjects were evaluated through auditory brainstem response (ABR); auditory middle latency response (AMLR) and auditory P300 response. RESULTS: An increase in the V wave latency and I-V interpeak in both groups, due to the age factor. The presence of statistically significant hemispheric differences when compared to the Pa component in MLAEP research, registered in the C3 (left hemisphere) and the C4 (right hemisphere). In researching the P300 Cognitive Potential, there was an absence or increase in P300 latency and a decrease in P300 amplitude in the presence of the N2 component. CONCLUSION: The AMLR and auditory P300 response have proven to be effective instruments for evaluating aphasic individuals.